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Glucose uptake a critical metabolic control point
2022-03-25
Glucose uptake, a critical metabolic control point in glycolysis, is mediated by the GLUT (SLC2) family of integral membrane transporters (Mueckler and Thorens, 2013). GLUT1 (SLC2A1), one of the most well-studied members of the SLC2 family, exhibits a wide tissue distribution; cell surface expressio
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Ionotropic glutamate receptors GluRs are ligand gated ion ch
2022-03-25
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (GluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate information processing at the majority of excitatory synapses in the brain and participate in such physiological processes as learning and memory, development and maintenance of cellular connections, and pain perceptio
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trans-AUCB receptor The relationship between estrogen and th
2022-03-25
The relationship between estrogen and the Hedgehog pathway as well as the associated mechanism have already been investigated in many tissues, especially in breast cancer (Chang et al., 2012, Katayama et al., 2006, Ramaswamy et al., 2012). Hitherto, even though we have proved that HH-Gli pathway pro
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It is widely acknowledged that CpG methylation
2022-03-25
It is widely acknowledged that CpG methylation of the promoter regions of some genes plays an important regulatory role in transcriptional regulation and in the establishment and maintenance of cell type-specific gene expression (Li, 2002, Jaenisch and Bird, 2003). This study obtained multiple lines
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br Genetic manipulation variation of the ghrelin system
2022-03-25
Genetic manipulation/variation of the ghrelin system and alcohol-related outcomes Genetic manipulation of the ghrelin system (either the peptide or the receptor gene) via knockout rodent models has provided further insight into the role of this system in alcohol seeking and consummatory behaviors
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The waiting time for first arrival of
2022-03-25
The waiting time for first arrival of Medroxyprogesterone into the dense fraction of 3–4 min at the normal chloride conductance, and about 30 min with inhibition to about 10% of the normal value, signifies that the Gardos channels in the activated cells become maximally or near maximally activated,
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br Some Gardos channel perplexities While much is known
2022-03-25
Some Gardos channel perplexities While much is known about the Gardos channel (inside Ca2+-activated K+ channel) and it's characteristics in human red blood GW3965 HCl (e.g. [18,19]), there are a number of intriguing and unexplained phenomena that are in much need of study. One is that activatio
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Comparison of dlGALRs deduced amino acid sequences with that
2022-03-25
Comparison of dlGALRs deduced amino abexinostat sequences with that of human GALRs demonstrate that the GALR1 ortholog sequences have diverged less than those of GALR2. Since often duplicate genes undergo divergent evolution through sub-functionalization, loss or gain of new functions (Prince and P
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Among sensitizers tested in the
2022-03-25
Among 22 sensitizers tested in the previous study, six test chemicals were pre- or pro-haptens (Nepal et al., 2018a). Among 6 chemicals, hydroquinone and 2-aminophenol, strong sensitizers, were falsely classified as non-sensitizers due to the lack of metabolic activation (Nepal et al., 2018a). Liter
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cpi 1 br Summary The presented results of the analysis
2022-03-25
Summary The presented results of the analysis of the unfolding of G-quadruplex and i-motif, which may appear within the telomeric DNA region, led to several important conclusions. Namely, determination of the work necessary to unfold of these structures, in biased molecular dynamics involving ste
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br Introduction Hepatocyte injury initiates and facilitates
2022-03-25
Introduction Hepatocyte injury initiates and facilitates inflammation in the course of liver disease progression. Thus, understanding the regulatory basis for sensing and responding to damage-associated inflammatory processes in the liver’s parenchymal cells is a primary issue in liver pathophysi
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Tranilast Sodium br Conclusion In summary a series of
2022-03-24
Conclusion In summary, a series of novel GPR40 agonists bearing phenylpropiolic Tranilast Sodium motif with favorable metabolic stability were prepared and evaluated for their activities as GPR40 agonists. Among them, compound 9 was identified as a structurally distinct GPR40 agonist possessing
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The ability of the vasculature to determine
2022-03-24
The ability of the vasculature to determine the nature and magnitude of a stimulus is essential for the appropriate and proportionate response. The vascular response to injury include rapid changes to blood flow to reduce the loss of blood, followed by increased contact with the sub-endothelial laye
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br Acknowledgments This research was funded by generous gran
2022-03-24
Acknowledgments This research was funded by generous grants from the Singapore National Medical Research Council (NMRC CBRG grant NMRC/CBRG12Nov114 (BD)). WJC is supported by NMRC Clinician Scientist Investigator award and partly supported by a Singapore Cancer Syndicate Grant, the National Resea
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As a result of the capability of modulating the dynamic
2022-03-24
As a result of the capability of modulating the dynamic changes and rearrangement of cytoskeletons, the Rho GTPases, in which RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1 are best-characterized, have been highlighted as significant contributors for orchestrating neuronal development (Duman et al., 2015, Heasman and Ridley,
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