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At the top of the S subsite cylinder are two
2023-08-25
At the top of the S1 subsite cylinder are two “cap” residues: E572 and M1034 [13]. Atomic structures of PfA-M1 have revealed important clues into potential roles for the cap residues in substrate selection. In the PfA-M1:bestatin co-crystal structure ([13]; Fig. 1), the P1 phenyl ring occupies the S
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Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of
2023-08-24
Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of the 1990s, the efforts to characterize them have led to the accumulation of a substantial amount of experimental data. Decades of site-directed mutagenesis (SDM; Box 1) studies, in combination with pharmacological data and computational modeling, have pav
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ITMN-191 Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes
2023-08-24
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of ITMN-191 (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided into two types:
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br Experimental section br Results and discussion br Conclus
2023-08-24
Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusions We present a simple, sensitive and selective assay of ADA activity and its inhibitor using the enzyme catalyzed reaction and the different interaction intensity of dye-labeled AD aptamer, aptamer/AD complex with GO. The as-proposed met
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br Conclusion br Conflicts of Interest Disclosures br Acknow
2023-08-24
Conclusion Conflicts of Interest/Disclosures Acknowledgement This study was funded by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Serbia (grant #175083). Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antibody-mediated, neuromuscular transmission disorder, where the targets are postsynaptic p
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Regarding androgens it is known that they are also essential
2023-08-24
Regarding androgens, it is known that they are also essential for reproductive success (Walters et al., 2010). At the molecular level, their effects are produced mainly by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), arising from the conversion of testosterone by the enzyme 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid-4-dehydrogenase (enco
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br Aurora A Aurora B
2023-08-24
Aurora-A, Aurora-B and Aurora-C small molecule inhibitors Nicholas et al. described phenotypic cellular screening of new highly potent and selective class of Aurora kinase inhibitors. Fragment based approach was utilized; core structure of 57 (Fig. 5) was optimized and selective inhibitor 58 (Fig
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V ATPase is a complex enzyme that
2023-08-24
V-ATPase is a complex enzyme that is composed of several subunits, which are assembled into two domains: trans-membrane (V0) and cytosolic (V1) domains [3,5]. Epididymal epithelial SANT-1 of rats has been reported to contain V-ATPase which is distributed at the apical pole of the narrow and clear ce
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br Acknowledgments br Introduction Human innate immune syste
2023-08-24
Acknowledgments Introduction Human innate immune system provides first line of defense against multiple viral or bacterial attacks, and provides critical surveillance against oncogenic development. Evidences show that individuals with primary immunodeficiency or induced immunosuppression durin
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To elucidate this relationship we developed
2023-08-24
To elucidate this relationship, we developed a spatial model of Ca-influx through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), CaMKII/PP1 activation, and AMPAR insertion in a realistic spine geometry. Using this model, we show that i) variables in membrane voltage mediated Ca-influx, particularly the numb
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported
2023-08-24
Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS- 1353366), the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (VA-135908) and the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, to G.P. Introduction With steadily rising number of affect
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br Discussion AhR is a receptor that
2023-08-23
Discussion AhR is a receptor that binds to a great variety of lipophilic compounds, in particular those containing at least one aromatic ring (Abel and Haarmann-Stemmann, 2010, Guyot et al., 2013, Hahn, 2002). The main known function of this receptor is to induce the metabolism of these compounds
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When added to the culture
2023-08-23
When added to the culture medium, extracellular ATP is metabolized into adenosine by ectonucleotidases, and ARs are then activated by adenosine with concentrations in the micromolar range [27]. However, our study showed that activation of ARs by exogenous adenosine could not induce the odontoblasti
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In this study we obtained the absorbance and photoluminescen
2023-08-23
In this study, we obtained the absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) of monoamine transporter polymerized with various types of actin-binding proteins in order to probe the actin structures in situ without labeling. Both optical measurements have been useful in examining biomaterials such as DNA an
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Although effects of low concentrations of agonist
2023-08-23
Although effects of low concentrations of agonist were not as thoroughly documented for heteromeric receptors such as the major farnesoid x receptor α4β2 nAChR, a similar mechanism of action was described to explain the potentiation of these receptors with low concentrations of acetylcholine-estera
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